염화칼륨
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염화칼륨 속성
- 녹는점
- 770 °C (lit.)
- 끓는 점
- 1420°C
- 밀도
- 1.98 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
- 굴절률
- n
20/D 1.334
- 인화점
- 1500°C
- 저장 조건
- 2-8°C
- 용해도
- H2O: soluble
- 물리적 상태
- random crystals
- 색상
- White
- Specific Gravity
- 1.984
- 냄새
- Odorless
- pH 범위
- 7
- 수소이온지수(pH)
- 5.5-8.0 (20℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
- 수용성
- 340 g/L (20 ºC)
- 감도
- Hygroscopic
- 최대 파장(λmax)
- λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.02
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
- Merck
- 14,7621
- 승화점
- 1500 ºC
- BRN
- 1711999
- BCS Class
- 1
- 안정성
- Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids. Protect from moisture. Hygroscopic.
- InChIKey
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- CAS 데이터베이스
- 7447-40-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
안전
- 위험 및 안전 성명
- 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 | Xi,C,F,Xn,T | ||
---|---|---|---|
위험 카페고리 넘버 | 36-34-11-36/37/38-40-61-60 | ||
안전지침서 | 24/25-39-26-22-23-45-36/37/39-16-36/37-53 | ||
유엔번호(UN No.) | UN 1824 8 / PGII | ||
WGK 독일 | 1 | ||
RTECS 번호 | TS8050000 | ||
F 고인화성물질 | 8 | ||
TSCA | Yes | ||
HS 번호 | 31042090 | ||
유해 물질 데이터 | 7447-40-7(Hazardous Substances Data) | ||
독성 | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 2600 mg/kg | ||
기존화학 물질 | KE-29086 |
염화칼륨 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
개요
Potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide salt that is used in a variety of areas. The dominant application of potassium chloride is to serve as a fertilizer, which offers potassium to plants and prevents them from certain diseases. Besides, it can be applied in food and medical industry. As a treatment for hypokalemia, potassium chloride pills are taken to balance the blood's potassium levels and prevent potassium deficiency in the blood. In food industry, it serves as a electrolyte replenisher and a good salt substitute for food, as well as a firming agent to give consistent texture to food, thus to strengthen its structure.화학적 성질
Potassium chloride occurs as odorless, colorless crystals or a white crystalline powder, with an unpleasant, saline taste. The crystal lattice is a face-centered cubic structure. Potassium chloride occurs naturally as the mineralsylvite (KCl) and as carnallite(KCl·MgCl2·6H2O); it is produced industriallyby fractional crystallizationof these deposits or of solutions fromlake brines. It has the interesting property of being more soluble than sodium chloride in hot water but less soluble in cold. It has low toxicity.용도
- Potassium chloride is a widely used reagent in biochemistry and molecular biology. It is a component of phosphate buffered saline (PBS, Product No. P 3813) and of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) buffer (50 mM KCl).
- KCl is also used in studies of ion transport and potassium channels.
- KCl is also utilized in the solubilization, extraction, purification, and crystallization of proteins.
- The use of KCl in the crystallization of histone core octamers has been reported.
생산 방법
Potassium chloride occurs naturally as the mineral sylvite or sylvine; it also occurs in other minerals such as sylvinite, carnallite, and kainite. Commercially, potassium chloride is obtained by the solar evaporation of brine or by the mining of mineral deposits.정의
ChEBI: Potassium chloride is a metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion. It has a role as a fertilizer. It is a potassium salt, an inorganic chloride and an inorganic potassium salt.World Health Organization (WHO)
Potassium chloride has been used for many years to correct potassium deficiency. The use of fast-acting tablets has been associated with lesions of the gastro-intestinal mucosa, which have led to their general withdrawal.일반 설명
Potassium chloride (KCl) is a water-soluble metal salt that comprises of potassium and chlorine. It can be extracted from minerals and salt water. KCl can be used in industries such as cosmetics, food, biomedical, chemical and fertilizer.공기와 물의 반응
Hygroscopic. Water soluble.반응 프로필
Potassium chloride is not in general strongly reactive. Violent reaction with BrF3 and with a mixture of sulfuric acid potassium permanganate mixture . Reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to generate fumes of hydrogen chloride.건강위험
Potassium chloride is an essential constituent of the body for intracellular osmotic pressure and buffering, cell permeability, acid-base balance, muscle contraction and nerve function.SYMPTOMS: Large doses of Potassium chloride usually induce vomiting, so acute intoxication by mouth is rare. If no pre-existing kidney damage, it is rapidly excreted. Poisoning disturbs the rhythm of heart. Large doses by mouth can cause gastrointestinal irritation, purging, weakness, and circulatory disturbances.
화재위험
Flammability data is not available, but Potassium chloride is probably nonflammable.농업용
Muriate of potash or potassium chloride (KCl), is a major potash fertilizer. It is water soluble and is generally blended with other components to make it a multi-nutrient fertilizer. It has a higher salt index than potassium sulphate and is recommended for most crops except tobacco, potato and grapes, which are sensitive to chloride ions.Pharmaceutical Applications
Potassium chloride is widely used in a variety of parenteral and nonparenteral pharmaceutical formulations. Its primary use, in parenteral and ophthalmic preparations, is to produce isotonic solutions.Potassium chloride is also used therapeutically in the treatment of hypokalemia.
Many solid-dosage forms of potassium chloride exist including: tablets prepared by direct compression and granulation; effervescent tablets; coated, sustained-release tablets; sustained- release wax matrix tablets;microcapsules;pellets; and osmotic pump formulations.
Experimentally, potassium chloride is frequently used as a model drug in the development of new solid-dosage forms, particularly for sustained-release or modified-release products. Potassium chloride is also used widely in the food industry as a dietary supplement, pH control agent, stabilizer, thickener, and gelling agent. It can also be used in infant formulations.
공업 용도
Potassium chloride is a colorless or white crystallinecompound of the composition KCl, usedfor molten salt baths for the heat treatment ofsteels. The specific gravity is 1.987. A bathcomposed of three parts potassium chloride andtwo parts barium chloride is used for hardeningcarbon-steel drills and other tools. Steel toolsheated in this bath and quenched in a 3% sulfuricacid solution have a very bright surface.A common bath is made up of potassium chlorideand common salt and can be used for temperaturesup to 900°C.Potassium chloride is used in the porcelainenamel industry as a setting-up agent in titaniumcover coats. In general, the quantities ofpotassium chloride, when used as an electrolyte,will be approximately the same as sodiumnitrite, which it replaces. However, KCl doesnot aid tearing resistance as does nitrite. Themain advantage in using potassium chloride isthe freedom from yellowing or creaming whenused in a blue-white enamel. Potassium chloridemay exert an adverse effect on the glossand may cause a slight decrease in the acidresistingproperties of the enamel, although thelatter effect is somewhat debatable.
Safety Profile
A human poison by ingestion. Poison experimentally by ingestion, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: nausea, blood clotting changes, carhac arrhythmias. An eye irritant. Mutation data reported. Explosive reaction with BrF3; sulfuric acid + potassium permanganate. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of K2O and Cl-.저장
Potassium chloride tablets become increasingly hard on storage at low humidities. However, tablets stored at 76% relative humidity showed no increase or only a slight increase in hardness.The addition of lubricants, such as 2% w/w magnesium stearate, reduces tablet hardness and hardness on aging.Aqueous potassium chloride solutions may be sterilized by autoclaving or by filtration.Potassium chloride is stable and should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.
Purification Methods
Dissolve it in conductivity water, filter it, and saturate it with chlorine (generated from conc HCl and KMnO4). Excess chlorine is boiled off, and the KCl is precipitated by HCl (generated by dropping conc HCl into conc H2SO4). The precipitate is washed with water, dissolved in conductivity water at 90-95o, and crystallised by cooling to about -5o. The crystals are drained at the centrifuge, dried in a vacuum desiccator at room temperature, then fused in a platinum dish under N2, cooled and stored in a desiccator. Potassium chloride has also been sublimed in a stream of pre-purified N2 gas and collected by electrostatic discharge [Craig & McIntosh Can J Chem 30 448 1952].비 호환성
Potassium chloride reacts violently with bromine trifluoride and with a mixture of sulfuric acid and potassium permanganate. The presence of hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, and magnesium chloride decreases the solubility of potassium chloride in water. Aqueous solutions of potassium chloride form precipitates with lead and silver salts.Intravenous aqueous potassium chloride solutions are incompatible with protein hydrolysate.
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Accepted as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (injections, ophthalmic preparations, oral capsules, and tablets). Included in nonparenteral and parenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.참고 문헌
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_chloridehttps://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00761
http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-potassium-chloride-uses-formula-side-effects.html
염화칼륨 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
암피실린 무수산염
carnallite
수산화칼륨
바륨 클로라이드 디하이드레이트
염화나트륨
셀룰로스
염소(기체)
탄산 칼륨
펠드스파
Oxyparaffin soap
Ferric chloride
염산
MAGNESIUM POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
간수
황산마그네슘
1-아미노옥타데칸
준비 용품
Compound fertilizer
알긴산나트륨
황산나트륨10수
아데닌
비스(4-아미노페닐) 에테르
Nitrogen phosphorus potassium mixed fertilizer
암피실린 무수산염
니코틴아미드아데닌 디뉴클레오티드
요오드화수은(II)(적색)
carnallite
Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium compound fertilizer with sulphur
불화붕산 칼륨
이탄산 칼륨
헥사시아노철(II)산칼륨
Silicic acid, aluminum potassium sodium salt
제스토덴
Mixed and compound fertilizer
자색 005 반응염료
PROCESSEDEUCHEUMASEAWEED
브로민산 칼륨
칼륨 헥사플루오로규산염
중크롬산 칼륨
제일인산칼륨
과염소산칼륨
Furcellaran
염소산칼륨
Compound fertilizer of potassium sulfate
페로사이안화칼륨
산화크로뮴
불화 칼륨 지르코늄
Prostaglandin E2
염화 마그네슘
barium fluxing agent
Compound fertilizer,high concentration
인
옥소티아졸리딘
질산칼륨
황산칼륨
염화마그네슘
염화칼륨 공급 업체
글로벌( 1171)공급 업체
공급자 | 전화 | 이메일 | 국가 | 제품 수 | 이점 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Honest Joy Holdings Limited | 755-36694831 +8613798234863 |
Linda.zhou@debayer.com | China | 999 | 58 |
Hebei Guanlang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | +86-19930503282 |
alice@crovellbio.com | China | 8877 | 58 |
Hebei Dangtong Import and export Co LTD | +8615632909969 |
admin@hbdangtong.com | China | 858 | 58 |
Jiangsu Kolod Food Ingredients Co.,Ltd. | +86-518-85110578 +8618805133257 |
sales3257@jskolod.com | China | 130 | 60 |
Hangzhou Bayee Chemical Co., Ltd. | 0086-571-86990109 |
rachelhoo@bayeechem.com | China | 104 | 55 |
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd. | +86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512 |
info@tianfuchem.com | China | 21975 | 55 |
Hefei TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. | +86-0551-65418679 +86-18949832763 |
info@tnjchem.com | China | 2990 | 55 |
Shanxi Naipu Import and Export Co.,Ltd | +86-13734021967 +8613734021967 |
kaia@neputrading.com | China | 1011 | 58 |
Shanghai Zheyan Biotech Co., Ltd. | 18017610038 |
zheyansh@163.com | CHINA | 3620 | 58 |
career henan chemical co | +86-0371-86658258 |
sales@coreychem.com | China | 29922 | 58 |